6,768 research outputs found
Skeletal Muscle Function Changes with Aging and Exercise: From the Myosin Molecule to the Whole Muscle
As part of the mini-symposium entitled Advancing Translational Research at the UMass Amherst Center for Personalized Health Monitoring, Dr. Miller\u27s presentation highlights current research initiatives on muscle function changes with aging and exercise
Vocal learning promotes patterned inhibitory connectivity.
Skill learning is instantiated by changes to functional connectivity within premotor circuits, but whether the specificity of learning depends on structured changes to inhibitory circuitry remains unclear. We used slice electrophysiology to measure connectivity changes associated with song learning in the avian analog of primary motor cortex (robust nucleus of the arcopallium, RA) in Bengalese Finches. Before song learning, fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) densely innervated glutamatergic projection neurons (PNs) with apparently random connectivity. After learning, there was a profound reduction in the overall strength and number of inhibitory connections, but this was accompanied by a more than two-fold enrichment in reciprocal FSI-PN connections. Moreover, in singing birds, we found that pharmacological manipulations of RA's inhibitory circuitry drove large shifts in learned vocal features, such as pitch and amplitude, without grossly disrupting the song. Our results indicate that skill learning establishes nonrandom inhibitory connectivity, and implicates this patterning in encoding specific features of learned movements
Biological and toxicological investigations of Chicago area navigation projects
unpublishednot peer reviewe
SONTRAC—a scintillating plastic fiber tracking detector for neutron and proton imaging spectroscopy
SONTRAC (SOlar Neutron TRACking imager and spectrometer) is a conceptual instrument intended to measure the energy and incident direction of 20–150 MeV neutrons produced in solar flares. The intense neutron background in a low-Earth orbit requires that imaging techniques be employed to maximize an instrument’s signal-to-noise ratio. The instrument is comprised of mutually perpendicular, alternating layers of parallel, scintillating, plastic fibers that are viewed by optoelectronic devices. Two stereoscopic views of recoil proton tracks are necessary to determine the incident neutron’s direction and energy. The instrument can also be used as a powerful energetic proton imager. Data from a fully functional 3-d prototype are presented. Early results indicate that the instrument’s neutron energy resolution is approximately 10% with the neutron incident direction determined to within a few degrees
Color Transparency at COMPASS energies
Pionic quasielastic knockout of protons from nuclei at 200 GeV show very
large effects of color transparency as -t increases from 0 to several GeV^2.
Similar effects are expected for quasielastic photoproduction of vector mesons.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
The Elements of Decision Alignment
When one object makes a request of another, why do we expect that
the second object\u27s behavior correctly satisfies the first object\u27s
wishes? The need to cope with such principal-agent problems
shapes programming practice as much as it shapes human organizations
and economies. However, the literature about such plan coordination
issues among humans is almost disjoint from the literature about
these issues among objects. Even the terms used are unrelated.
These fields have much to learn from each other---both from their
similarities and from the causes of their differences. We propose a
framework for thinking about decision alignment as a bridge
between these disciplines
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